A specific perceptual learning deficit in mice with a mutation of the same gene as found in children with Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) has been described by researchers for the first time. FXS is the most common inherited form of mental impairment, affecting an estimated 1 in 4,000 males and 1 in 6,000 females. Symptoms include behavioral and/or emotional problems, including autistic-like features, and varying degrees of mental disability.