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The Power of a Smile to Move You: Complementary Submissiveness in Women’s Posture as a Function of Gender Salience and Facial Expression

Extending evidence that nonverbal complementary behavior can occur in dyads to the intergroup domain, the authors predicted that women assume a relatively submissive (narrow) posture when confronted with a male instructor adopting a dominant (broad) po…

Do You Want to Convince Me or to Be Understood? Preference-Consistent Information Sharing and Its Motivational Determinants

In two experiments, we provide evidence for a fundamental discussion asymmetry, namely, preference-consistent information sharing. Despite being in a dyadic situation requiring open information exchange and being given no incentive to do so, participan…

Distinguishing Autonomous and Directive Forms of Goal Support: Their Effects on Goal Progress, Relationship Quality, and Subjective Well-Being

Three studies examined the relations of autonomy support and directive support to goal progress over 3 months. Autonomy support was defined in terms of empathic perspective-taking, whereas directive support was defined in terms of the provision of posi…

A Social Identity Approach to Person Memory: Group Membership, Collective Identification, and Social Role Shape Attention and Memory

Evidence indicates that superior memory for own-group versus other-group faces (termed own-group bias) occurs because of social categorization: People are more likely to encode own-group members as individuals. The authors show that aspects of the perc…

The Motivated Self: Self-Affirmation and the Better-Than-Average Effect

Research has shown that individuals routinely espouse “better-than-average” beliefs across a host of traits, skills, and abilities. Although some theorists take this tendency as evidence of self-enhancement motives guiding the organization and understa…

Hitting the Road to Adulthood: Short-Term Personality Development During a Major Life Transition

Previous research suggests that normative life transitions have the potential to trigger personality maturation. But what exactly happens during such a transitional stage? The present study examined personality trait changes in a sample of 910 German h…

How Much Information? East Asian and North American Cultural Products and Information Search Performance

Literature in cultural psychology suggests that compared with North Americans, East Asians prefer context-rich cultural products (e.g., paintings and photographs). The present article further examines the preferred amount of information in cultural pro…

Changes in Marital Satisfaction Across the Transition to Parenthood:          The Role of Adult Attachment Orientations

This longitudinal study investigated marital satisfaction trajectories across the first 2 years of parenthood. Data were collected from new parents (couples) 6 weeks before the birth of their first child, and t…

Motivated Independence? Implicit Party Identity Predicts Political Judgments Among Self-Proclaimed Independents

Reporting an Independent political identity does not guarantee the absence of partisanship. Independents demonstrated considerable variability in relative identification with Republicans versus Democrats as measured by an Implicit Association Test (IAT…

Prefactual Potency: The Perceived Likelihood of Alternatives to Anticipated Realities

Prefactual thoughts typically take the form of implied or explicit if–then statements that represent mental simulations of alternatives to what is expected to occur in the future. The authors propose that the multiplicative combination of “if lik…