Reduction in brain volume in the hippocampus (a region related to memory) was seen in patients with the psychotic disorders schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and psychotic bipolar disorder. The pathophysiology of psychotic disorders remains unclear, especially schizoaffective disorder. Changes in volume in the hippocampus are a hallmark of schizoaffective disorder. Advances in image processing allow for the precise parceling of specific hippocampal areas.